Color Words as Linguistic and Cultural Markers of Modern Turkish Anthroponyms.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31558/1815-3070.2018.35.9Klíčová slova:
anthroponyms, Turkish personal names, colour words, mythological worldviewAbstrakt
Our analysis showed that colour terms, in addition to designation of colour itself, have certain cultural and historical connotations. It can be clearly seen in personal names, formed in the ancient Türkic period, when each of the base colours had a profound symbolic meaning. Today, as we can see on the example of modern nicknames, colour terms in a personal name mostly have a direct meaning but add some emotional connotations and are used to indicate the features of a person's appearance. Both in ancient times, and in modern Turkish society the following colour terms are actual: ak (white), kara (black), al (red), gök (blue), sarı (yellow), ala (light brown; variegated), boz (gray, grayish brown, colour of soil), kır (light gray, dirty white), çakır (blue-gray eye colour). Beyaz (white), pembe (pink), mor (purple) and mavi (blue), being borrowed words from other languages, are quite few.
It should be said that Berlin and Kay’s theory regarding colour universals is not entirely plausible with regard to the Turkish language, as in the early periods of the development of the Turkish language we can see not only the basic 11 colour terms, that they singled out (although, of course, black, white, red and blue are of primary importance in the ancient Turkic culture), but also such colours as boz, kır, ala. The name reflects only the most significant and important realities and events for the people, therefore the presence of such colour terms as boz, kır, ala in personal names indicates their importance and is specific for the culture of the nomadic Turks, that, as we suggest, is related to the earth and animal breeding. However, Berlin and Kay’s hypothesis about the evolution of colour terms related to the historical development of language is confirmed by our research.
By their lexical meaning all the Turkish anthroponyms with colour words can be divided into the following groups: 1) names that represent natural phenomena; 2) names that reflect a person’s high position in society and his nobility; 3) names that reflect the external and internal beauty of a person, his positive qualities. Positive qualities for men are heroism, strength, courage, reflected in such lexemes like demir, taş, alp, batur, er, tunç; positive qualities for women are beauty, tenderness, purity, reflected in the lexems ipek, pınar, başak, nur, gül.
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